(FAQ'S)

Voltage Stabilizers - FAQs

Applications of Voltage Stabilizers have become a need for every home. Different types of Voltage stabilizers are available now with different functionality and works. The latest advancements in technology like Microprocessor chips and Power Electronic Devices have changed the way we see a Voltage Stabilizer. They are now fully automatic, intelligent and packed with a lot of additional functions. They also have an ultra fast response to voltage fluctuations and allow their users to adjust the voltage requirements remotely including start/ stop function for the output.

What is a Voltage Stabilizer?

A Voltage Stabilizer is an electrical device which is used to provide a constant voltage output to a load at its output terminals irrespective of any change/ fluctuation in the input i.e. incoming supply. The basic purpose of a Voltage Stabilizer is to protect the electrical/ electronic gadgets (for example: Air conditioning Unit, Refrigerator, TV, etc.) from the probable damage due to Voltage Surge/ fluctuations, Over Voltage and Under Voltage conditions. Voltage Stabilizer is also known as AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator).

Why do we need Voltage Stabilizers?

Power coming from the utility grid is not always pure, stable, and safe. It has Sag, Swell, overvoltage, overcurrent, spikes, and surges. All these compromises power quality. Every machine demands a pure power supply. Thus, a voltage stabilizer helps to supply fluctuation-free voltages. It stops all power impurities and protects your load.

Like UPS, voltage stabilizers are also an asset to the protection of electrical and electronic equipment. The voltage fluctuations are very common irrespective of where ever you live. There may be various reasons for the voltage fluctuation such as electrical faults, faulty wiring, lightning, short circuits, etc. These fluctuations may be in the form of Over voltage or Under voltage.

What are the different types of stabilizers?

Based on the working principle, there are three types of voltage stabilizers. Servo, relay, and static systems are three types. Everyone has its advantages and disadvantages.

What is a servo voltage stabilizer?

It is a voltages stabilizer working on the servo motor controlled mechanism. A servo voltage stabilizer consists of an autotransformer or dimmer, buck-boost transformer. Also, it has a servo motor with an electronic circuit. The primary side of the buck-boost transformer is fed by a dimmer. A rotating arm with a carbon brush is connected to the servo motor, and it can change the number of turns of the dimmer. So, when low or high voltages are at the input, the electronic circuit gives a single to the servo motor. Servo motor moves the arm to increase or decrease the turn of the dimmer, and hence primary voltage of the buck-boost transformer changes. As a result, the buck-boost transformer can adjust the output voltage to keep it stable.

What is a static voltage regulator?

Unlike a servo motor-controlled unit, a static voltage regulator has a complete electronic design without moving parts. It has a power module, buck-boost transformer, and DSP controller. The power module is generally made up of IGBTs. Hence, it is also known as an IGBT stabilizer. Voltage correction occurs by adding or subtracting the privacy voltage of the buck-boost transformer connected to the power module output. And Power module can generate voltage with the help of the PWM method governed by the DSP processor.

What are the differences between static stabilizers or servo regulators?

There are the following differences are as follow:
1) Servo regulator has moving parts while static regulators have pure electronic design without any movie part. Hence, the static unit has low maintenance and long life than the servo unit.
2) The static stabilizer has the flexibility to customize easily. We can incorporate EMI/RMI filter or automatic bypass without any additional cost.
3) The static voltage regulator has a faster voltage correction speed & more output voltage stability than the motor-controlled unit.
4) The electronic units are lightweight & compact than the equivalent capacity of the servo regulator.
5) We can implement short circuit protection in the static system without adding additional hardware.

How to calculate voltage stabilizer rating?

To calculate the required capacity of the voltage regulator, we need to add up the KVA, KW, or Amp rating of all loads that you want to connect to that regulator. For single-phase load, we can calculate KVA capacity can by multiplying voltage to the current requirement of that load. Similarly, we can get a KVA rating for three-phase loads by multiplying line voltage to line current and multiplying the result by three. Once you calculate KVA for each device at your facility, add them to get the total required rating of the voltage stabilizer.

What are the applications of voltage regulators?

Voltage stabilizers have been used in all sectors, right from home to heavy industries. Most commonly, it is used in the following sectors:
1) For Household like: Air conditioning Units, Refrigerators, TVs,
2) At broadcasting and telecom stations.
3) For cold storage room equipment.
4) It is used along with the Diesel generator used for a temporary power supply.
5) It helps to protect CNC machines from voltage fluctuations.
6) Lift and elevators need a servo voltage stabilizer.
7) Textile, Packaging, Hospitals industries need servo regulators.
8) Datacentre, server rooms, and other electronic equipment bases machines need static voltage regulators.

Water Purifiers - FAQs

For the majority of us, drinking water comes from a treated municipal supply which is safe to drink but will often feature unpleasant tastes and odours from chemicals such as chlorine which are used to disinfect the water and keep it free of germs and bacteria. Depending on where you live, you may also find that your mains water causes limescale deposits to form which can block pipes and damage appliances. These issues, chlorine taste / odour and limescale formation are just two among a host of other common water problems which can be solved by water Reverse Osmosis filtration.

What is Reverse Osmosis (RO)?

Reverse osmosis, also known as hyperfiltration, is the finest means of filtration available today. It is the most common treatment technology used by premium bottled water companies. Reverse osmosis refers to the process of forcing water through a semi-permeable membrane under pressure.

How does Reverse Osmosis work?

Reverse osmosis uses a semi-permeable membrane, allowing pure water to pass through it, while rejecting the contaminants that are too large to pass through the tiny pores in the membrane.

Can RO be used on borewell water or water from other untreated sources?

Yes, RO is generally an excellent choice for homeowners with borewell water. However, it is important to note that reverse osmosis does not provide foolproof protection against all microorganisms. You should have your water tested for bacteria and virus contamination before relying solely on reverse osmosis. If microbiological contamination is present or suspected, you should combine reverse osmosis with an ultraviolet system for maximum effectiveness and protection against bacteria and viruses. A water softener or whole-house iron filter may also be advisable (depending on the level of relevant contaminants in your well water) to prevent membrane fouling, thereby ensuring maximum membrane life and effectiveness.

How often does the reverse osmosis membrane need to be replaced?

With proper maintenance of your sediment and activated carbon pre-filters, your reverse osmosis membrane should last 2-3 years.

Why are RO systems always combined with carbon and sediment pre-filters?

The only major category of contaminants that reverse osmosis is not highly effective in removing (organic compounds) is specifically targeted by activated carbon filters. Pre-filters also prevent the reverse osmosis membrane from being fouled or clogged by sediment, chlorine, and other contaminants, thereby enhancing its effectiveness and lifespan.

Are all reverse osmosis systems equally effective?

Absolutely not. Like all water filters, the effectiveness of a reverse osmosis system depends greatly on the quality of its components - especially its pre-filter cartridges (quantity and quality) and the membrane itself. Lower quality pre-filters will suffer from premature membrane fouling, as well as reduced performance, purified water output, and membrane life.

What is "crossflow"?

Quality reverse osmosis systems use a process known as crossflow to allow the membrane to continually clean itself. As some of the fluid passes through the membrane the rest continues downstream, sweeping the rejected contaminants away from the membrane and down the drain. This prevents contaminants from backing up against the membrane and clogging it.

What is Ultraviolet (UV)?

Ultraviolet (UV) light is at the invisible, violet end of the light spectrum. Even though we can't see UV light, we are exposed to UV rays from all light sources, including the sun.

How does ultraviolet light purify water?

UV-C rays penetrate the cells of harmful bacteria and viruses in our drinking water, destroying their ability to reproduce. Without this ability, these organisms die and no longer pose a health threat. It is a simple but very effective process, with a properly designed system generally inactivating greater than 99% of harmful microorganisms.

Does a UV system use a lot of energy?

No, a typical whole-house UV unit will use about the same amount of energy as a 60 watt light bulb. It is a cost effective, natural way to increase water quality where microbiological contamination is present and to provide peace of mind where microbiological contamination is a greater risk.

Why do UV sterilizers require sediment pre-filtration?

UV systems require pre-filtration to maintain effectiveness as sediment and other contaminants in the water can create a "shadow" which prevents the UV rays from reaching and disinfecting the harmful microorganisms.

How often does the UV light bulb (lamp) need to be replaced?

It is essential that you change your UV lamp annually (2 years for some models). The ability of the lamp to emit UV light decreases over time. Remember - UV light is invisible! Even though the lamp is still glowing after one year, there might not be enough UV light reaching your water to be effective.